THE LAST CLASS OF ESEB2054 CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT

Hello Viewers!


          Today I'm going to talk about my last class of Curriculum Development. 6th December 2016 was the last class of Curriculum Development. On this last day, Dr Ng recapped what we have studied throughout the semester. Besides that, Dr Ng also checked our assignment progress and instructs us how to correct the mistakes in the assignment. On the same day, we get to know that Dr Ng will be no more in our institution and this semester would be her last as a lecturer. I was so sad after I heard that because it will be great lost for us. I really love Dr Ng's class😍 and only in her class I won't feel sleepy. Yes...She is very different from other lecturers. This is because whenever she teach something, she will ask all of solely whether we understand what she have taught us or not. This could be the reason why I liked her so much. Other than that, she also checks our assignment progress on every meetings. Hhmm... I'm gonna miss so much. No one could replace her place. Thank you Dr Ng for guiding us to the right path throughout this semester. I hope I will meet Dr Ng somewhere one day. As a memory, we snapped a photo with Dr Ng.
         
          Other than I mentioned above, Dr Ng also advice us to read carefully the questions in the finals and answer properly all the questions given.
I think that's all for the last class.

I would like to take this as my opportunity to thank Dr Ng and my fellow classmates. All the best for the finals guys. Good Luck.

Have A Great Day..

Thank you😃

KAHOOT QUIZ TIME

Yeayy....I really enjoyed yesterday's class because it was carried out differently by Dr Ng. She carried out Kahoot quiz which I find it something different from other quizzes. This quiz is done through online. Everyone of us have to connect our tablets or android to the WiFi. Unfortunately, my laptop and android phone couldn't connect to the WiFi. It took a long time to connect. Dr Ng gave me her android phone to me so that I can join the quiz. About 10 questions were given for us to answer and all the questions are related to the topics that we have learnt in Curriculum Development class. After completing the quiz, all of us get the chance of viewing our results.

After done with this game, Dr Ng, encouraged us to use this game in future when we are the real teaching world.

Thank you 😃

REFLECTION ON WEEK 9

During week 9, Dr Ng showed us the framework of how a curriculum should be designed. She explained in detail every components of curriculum which is aims/ goals/reasons, subject matter, learning experience and evaluation. Refer to the image below.

Dr Ng explained what to do with all the components as stated above and also guided us how to rearrange the each components in a proper way. Besides that, Dr Ng also check our progress on our assignment ( curriculum designing ). 

This picture depicts that Dr Ng has explained us on the curriculum design framework.

That's all from me today. Will be back with a new post next week.
Thank you :)

MODELS OF CURRICULUM

Hello 😃😃

Today I'm going to share about the models of curriculum in education. 

WHAT IS CURRICULUM?

• Curriculum is design plan for learning that requires the purposeful and proactive organization, sequencing, and management of the interactions among the teacher, the students, and the content knowledge we want students to acquire.

WHAT IS A CURRICULUM MODEL?

• A model is a format for curriculum design development to meet unique needs, context, and purposes. 
• In order to address these goals, curriculum developers design, reconfigure, or rearrange one or more key curriculum components.

There are four models of curriculum in educational context. 

1.  FRANKLIN BOBBITT (1876-1956)

• Curriculum should start with outlining what the student needs to know (objectives) 
• Next it was necessary to develop activities that the students do to achieve the objective.  
• Emphasized having students complete activities in order to learning. 
• Heavily influenced by behaviorism with their focus on observable change. 
• Brought this idea of observable change into education in his development of objectives. 
• Developed guidelines for developing objective (see below):- 
• Objectives should be practical 
• Objectives should prepare students for adulthood  
• Involve the community in developing objectives  
• Sequence objectives by grade level

2. CHARTERS (1875-1952)

• A behaviorist like Bobbitt. 
• Developed a method for selecting objectives based on social needs. 
• After developing or selecting objectives, Charters encouraged analysis to see how objectives are applied in the classroom. 
• This idea of assessing the implementation of objectives providing the groundwork for curriculum evaluation. 
• Saw curriculum as a collection of goals that the students needed to achieve in order to have competency. 
• Advocated four steps of curriculum construction: 
• Selecting objectives 
• Dividing them into ideals and activities 
• Analyzing them to the limits of working units

BOBBITT & CHARTERS

• Introduced the idea of objectives. The concept of objectives would blossom into goals, aims, standards, learning outcomes, indicators, and benchmarks. 
• Introduced the idea of learning experiences. These are the things the students do to learn. Again this led to such concepts as experiential learning, hands-on activities, authentic assessment, and more. Action-based learning is the norm today. 
• Bobbitt and Charters were some of the first proponents of consulting the community in developing curriculum. In other words, a needs assessment was necessary before determining what to teach. Consulting stakeholders is now considered best practice in education.

3. RALPH TYLER (1902-1994)

• Approach to curriculum:
• Determine the school’s purpose* 
• Identify educational experiences related to those purposes* 
• Ascertain how the experiences are organized 
• Evaluate the purposes*
  *objectives
  

4. HILDA TABA (1902-1967)

• Her model known as Grassroots Rationale
• Grassroots model SEVEN major steps:
• Diagnosis of needs 
• The teacher (curriculum designer) identifies the needs of the students for the whom the curriculum is being planned.
•  Formulation of objectives 
• The teacher specifies objectives. 
• Selection of content 
• The objectives suggest the curriculum’s content. The objectives and content should match. 
• Organization of content 
• The teacher organizes the content into sequence, taking into consideration learner’s maturity, academic achievement and interests.
• Selection of learning experiences 
• The teacher selects instructional methods that engage the students with the content. 
• Organization of learning activities 
• The teacher organizes the learning activities into a sequence, often determined by content. The teacher must be bear in mind the particular students who will be taught. 
• Evaluation and means of evaluation 
• The curriculum planner determines which objectives have been accomplished. Students and teachers must consider evaluation processes.

REFLECTION 3

DOES DESIGNING THE CURRICULUM HELP YOU THINK THROUGH HOW TO CREATE THE BEST LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR THE LEARNERS?

According to the above statement, designing the curriculum helped me to think through how to create the best learning environment for the learners. Before that, I would like to explain what is curriculum. Curriculum is the knowledge and skills that a student are expected to learn, which includes the leaning standards or learning objectives that they are expected to meet.

A curriculum helped the teachers how to create the best learning environment. This is because basically in a curriculum, it contains the series of lesson plans, all designed together so that over the series of the course of lessons in which the teachers can cover everything that needs to be covered.

Since a curriculum comprises of a series of lesson plans, the teachers will be less worried on preparing their lesson plan and also can prepare the best teaching and learning materials for the learners. By doing this, it will create a good environment for the learners (students).

Besides that, a curriculum is very helpful for new teacher as they don't have much experiences in teaching. As I mentioned earlier, curriculum becomes as a guide for the new teachers on what to teach, how to teach, how long do they need to teach, what materials can be used for teaching and so on. Based on the curriculum, the new teachers can have their own preparation earlier before entering the classroom for teaching and learning session.

To draw end this blog, I'm sure for those who read my blog agreed to what I have written. There is no learning if there is no curriculum.

Thank you :)

CURRICULUM MODELS

Hello Everyone!

I'm here today to share what happened in today's class. The class normally held in IMMERSE, Level 9 but for today the class was conducted at Library, Wing A because two of my classmates were absent. Since only four of us, Dr Ng asked us to come library. We were divided into groups and assigned a work to be done. Each of the group have to come out with two models of curriculum. My group has come out with The Tyler's Model and Hilda Taba's Model. Dr Ng asked us to upload it in Forum. Me and Shalini divided the work, at where I have to do the Tyler's model and Shalini will be doing Hilda Taba's Model.

The best part of today's class was, Dr Ng gave us the reference book and turned to the page that we are supposed to refer to. And we just have to read and understand the model of curriculum then send the work assigned in UNIEC. 

Yeayyy....I'm done with my work and already uploaded in UNIEC. There will be no class tommorow and will come out with new post next week.

Thank you.

HAVE A GREAT DAY AHEAD😊😊

REFLECTION 2: TYPES OF CURRICULUM

TYPES OF CURRICULUM

There are six types of curriculum which are:-

Recommended curriculum 

• This curriculum is proposed by any professional organisation such as Ministry of Education, District Education and State Education.

Written curriculum 

• Incorporates five essential elements i.e concepts, knowledge, skills, attitudes and action. In this curriculum, students are given the opportunities to gain knowledge that is relevant and of global significance; develop an understanding of concepts, which allows them to make connections throughout learning process.

Supported curriculum

• A curriculum that has materials to support or help in the implementation of written curriculum such as textbooks and computers.

Taught curriculum 

• The one curriculum that teachers implement or deliver and which refers to the planned activities which are put into action in the classroom

Tested curriculum

• A set of learning that is assessed in teacher-made classroom test, in district developed, curriculum-referenced test and in standardize test.

Learned curriculum

• The curriculum that students actually learn like the learning outcomes achieved by students indicated by the results of the tests

REFLECTION QUESTION: WHICH OF THE CURRICULUM TYPE YOU THINK WORKS THE BEST FOR THE STUDENTS ?

According to my points of view, I think each type of curriculum works better for students but it will work best if all the curriculum work together. This is because the curriculum mentioned above are interrelated. 

Let us have a look on the definition of taught curriculum. Taught curriculum is a curriculum at where the teacher implements and delivers planned activities which are put into action in the classroom. From this definition, we can know that this curriculum can only work if there is a combination of curriculum which are recommended, supported and written by by a certain organisation such as Ministry of Education. The curriculum that is recommended, supported and written are then implemented in school through teaching and learning process. The combination of these three curriculum are then tested by conducting test or examination trice a year. Hence, learned curriculum is carried out whereby the learning outcomes achieved by the students are indicated by the results of their test/examination.

REFLECTION 1: CURRICULUM

WHAT IS CURRICULUM ?

DEFINITION OF CURRICULUM

Standard dictionary defines curriculum as a course of study offered by any academic institutions. A curriculum is all about what should be done during teaching process in class. Some authors define curriculum as "the total effort of the school to bring about desired outcomes in school and out-of-school situations" or "a sequence of potential experiences set up in school for the purpose of disciplining children and youth in group ways of thinking and acting". Kerr defines curriculum as "all the learning which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside of the school".

REFLECTION QUESTION : WITHOUT CURRICULUM, STUDENT LEARNING AND TEACHERS TEACHING WOULD BE BETTER.

YES OR NO 

I totally disagree with the statement above. A curriculum is actually what happens during a course that is lecture, demonstrations, field visit and so on. It is an important element in education. This is because the aims of education are reflected in the curriculum. In other words, the curriculum is determined by the aims of life and society.

If there is no curriculum, the teachers will wonder what are they supposed to be teaching the students. A curriculum determines what and how the teachers are expected to teach their students. Basically, a curriculum contains complete content, skills, or topics for teachers to cover with some approaches and instructional materials.

Besides that, a curriculum also give an insight to the teachers especially to the fresh teachers on how students make sense of key concept, the potential misunderstandings that students may have along the way of comprehension, and the instructional strategies that are particularly effective for teaching a given concept or skills.

In conclusion, teaching and learning process will not work best if there is no proper and planned curriculum.

ABOUT ME

Hello everyone !

First of all, I would like to thank for viewing my blog.My name is Saktiswari Muneeswaran and currently pursuing my Bachelor of Education (HONS) majoring in Mathematics at UNITAR International University. I was born on 5th January 1995 in Taiping, Perak and I’m 21 years old. Currently, I’m staying happily with my extended family in Shah Alam, Selangor. I have 3 siblings and all of them are girls. The person that I love the most is my grandmother. I'm also interested in many things such as henna drawing, doodling, gardening, and cooking. 

Here are some of my henna arts and doodle.

SIMPLE HENNA ART

PEACOCK FEATHER HENNA ART

MY FIRST DOODLE ART

Everyone have goals in their life. As a human being, I also have goals. My goals of life are to achieve in life with a good job and also to prove some people out there who had back stabbed, talked bad and insulted my family members due to their past events in their life. Yes....One day I will prove that to them. This would make my parents feel proud of me. Besides that, becoming a teacher is also one of my goals too and I'm in the pathway of becoming a teacher. The reason why i wanted to become a teacher is because I do not want my kids to be treated as how I was treated during my school days. I hope my dreams and goals come true one day.

CURRICULUM THEORY AND PRACTICE

In today's class we studied about the approaching curriculum theory and practice. What is that all about?

The organization of schooling and further education has long been associated with the idea of curriculum. But what actually is curriculum, and how might it be conceptualized? We explore curriculum theory and practice and its relation to informal education. 

There are four ways of approaching curriculum theory and practice:

1. Curriculum as a body of knowledge to be transmitted.
2. Curriculum as an attempt to achieve certain ends in students-product.
3. Curriculum as a process.
4. Curriculum as praxis.

It is helpful to consider these ways of approaching curriculum theory and practice in the light of Aristotle’s influential categorization of knowledge into three disciplines: the theoretical, the productive and the practical.

This is the notes that I wrote during class

Thank you😊